{"product_id":"melatonin","title":"Melatonin","description":"\u003ch3\u003eMelatonin (N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFull Research Introduction \u0026amp; Administration Guide \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIMPORTANT DISCLAIMER: For laboratory research use only. Not approved for human injection, clinical treatment or consumption. All dosing information is summarized from published preclinical literature purely for experimental reference.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eCritical Note: Melatonin is\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNOT a peptide\u003c\/strong\u003e. It is an indoleamine hormone derived from tryptophan. It is commonly listed alongside research peptides in laboratory catalogs.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1. Basic Overview\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChemical Name: N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCAS Number: 73-31-4\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMolecular Formula: C₁₃H₁₆N₂O₂\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMolecular Weight: 232.28 Da\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForm: Lyophilized white\/off-white crystalline powder\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlasma Half-life: 30–60 minutes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSource: Endogenously synthesized by the mammalian pineal gland; also produced in many peripheral tissues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCore Feature: Primary chronobiotic hormone regulating circadian rhythm; powerful direct \u0026amp; indirect antioxidant with broad anti-inflammatory activity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2. Mechanism of Action\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCircadian Regulation via MT₁ \/ MT₂ Receptors\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eActivates G-protein coupled MT₁ and MT₂ receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). MT₁ suppresses neuronal firing to initiate sleep; MT₂ controls circadian phase shifting.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDirect Antioxidant Activity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eNeutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species. Its metabolites also retain antioxidant properties; protects mitochondrial membrane integrity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAnti-Inflammatory Signaling\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eInhibits NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome; lowers pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAnti-Apoptotic \u0026amp; Tissue Protective Effects\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eUpregulates anti-apoptotic Bcl-2; reduces oxidative cell death in neurons, endothelial cells and epithelial tissue.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic \u0026amp; Immune Modulation\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eModulates insulin sensitivity, supports immune cell function, and regulates seasonal biological rhythms in animal models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e3. Main Research Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCircadian rhythm, sleep disturbance \u0026amp; jet lag laboratory models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNeurodegeneration research (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, traumatic brain injury)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial damage experiments\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVascular endothelial protection \u0026amp; microcirculation studies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSkin photoprotection and anti-senescence in skin cell culture\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOncology preclinical models (oxidative stress modulation in tumor microenvironment)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAging, immunosenescence and combined neuroprotective compound screening\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e4. Reconstitution Instructions (Lyophilized Vial)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eImportant: Melatonin has low aqueous solubility. It dissolves better in ethanol or DMSO. Pure water leads to incomplete dissolution. Common specification:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e10mg \/ 20mg per vial\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAllow vial to reach room temperature; protect powder from direct light.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePreferred solvent options for lab use:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOption A: Ethanol (absolute ethanol) for stock solution\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOption B: DMSO for cell culture experiments\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOption C: Bacteriostatic water + small volume ethanol co-solvent (for injection animal protocols)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eReference mixing scheme: 10mg Melatonin + 1mL ethanol → 10 mg\/mL stock solution\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003col start=\"3\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGently rotate the vial to dissolve.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDo not shake violently.\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStorage Requirements\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnreconstituted lyophilized powder: Hermetically sealed, −20°C, protected from light. Stable for up to 24 months.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReconstituted stock solution: Aliquot and store at −20°C \/ −80°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Use within 30 days.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003eLight exposure rapidly degrades melatonin; amber tubes\/vials are recommended.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e5. Research Administration Protocols\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eA) In Vitro Cell Culture\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWorking concentration range: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.1 μM – 100 μM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow dose: 0.1–1 μM (circadian, anti-senescence assays)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMedium dose: 1–10 μM (antioxidant, inflammation models)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh dose: 10–100 μM (neuroprotection, apoptosis research)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eB) In Vivo Animal Research\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubcutaneous \/ Intraperitoneal Injection (Most common)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow experimental dose: 2.5–5 mg\/kg body weight\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard experimental dose: 10–20 mg\/kg body weight\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh experimental dose: Up to 30–50 mg\/kg body weight\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiming: Typically administered 30–60 minutes before dark phase for circadian studies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003col start=\"2\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOral Administration Dose range: 5–30 mg\/kg once daily.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReference Experimental Cycle\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDaily administration for 4–8 weeks; implement a 2–4 week washout interval for long-term chronic research.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e6. Precautions \u0026amp; Observed Adverse Reactions\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePure laboratory research compound. Not authorized for human therapeutic injection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrict aseptic technique required during reconstitution to prevent microbial contamination.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiscard solution if discoloration occurs; light causes oxidative degradation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eObserved mild dose-dependent reactions in animal models: transient mild sedation, slight lowering of core body temperature.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvoid combining with other sedative agents unless specified in your experimental protocol.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelatonin interacts with CYP1A2 metabolic pathways; consider potential drug compound interactions in co-administration studies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAqueous solubility limitation: avoid over-dilution in pure water without co-solvent.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eShort Version (For Product Page \/ Customer Direct Message)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMelatonin (N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMelatonin is an endogenous indoleamine hormone, not a peptide. It acts on MT1\/MT2 receptors to regulate circadian rhythms. It is widely studied as a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent. Common research fields include sleep physiology, neurodegeneration, oxidative stress and tissue protection.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReconstitution\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBest dissolved in ethanol or DMSO. Protect all solutions from light. Aliquot stock and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReference Research Dosage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCell culture: 0.1–100 μM. Animal injection: 5–20 mg\/kg daily.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"我的商店","offers":[{"title":"10mg*10vials","offer_id":53703818871084,"sku":null,"price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0979\/1406\/1100\/files\/b5ec64ea6e25db280406e1b9bd177783a238c9a2ce6c33d0c8015a1ae0f83145.png?v=1786604644","url":"https:\/\/0rw2.com\/products\/melatonin","provider":"0rw2.com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}